Can a Yeast Infection Cause Bleeding?

If you've ever experienced the discomfort of a vaginal yeast infection, you know how frustrating it can be. 

While the usual symptoms like itching, burning, and unusual discharge are well-known, some women wonder: can a yeast infection cause bleeding? 

The short answer is that while it’s not typical, it can happen. Let’s dive into everything you need to know, symptoms to be aware of, and other causes of vaginal bleeding.

What is a yeast infection?

A yeast infection, also called vaginal candidiasis, happens when there is an overgrowth of the fungus Candida in the vaginal microbiome. Normally, small amounts of Candida live harmlessly in our bodies, but good bacteria keep it in check. When the normal balance of bacteria and yeast is thrown off (from things like antibiotics, hormone changes, or a weakened immune system), yeast grows too quickly and causes an infection.

Symptoms of a yeast infection

The most common symptoms of a vaginal yeast infection include:

• Vaginal itching and irritation: This is usually around the vaginal opening, though it can extend to the vulva (the external genital area).
• Unusual discharge: Yeast infections cause thick, white discharge often described as having a “cottage cheese” consistency.
• Vaginal burning: You might notice a burning feeling when you pee or have sexual intercourse.
• Redness and swelling: You may notice the skin around your vaginal opening looks red or feels sensitive.

While these symptoms are uncomfortable, they are usually manageable with over-the-counter antifungal treatments or medication prescribed by your healthcare provider. But what about bleeding?

Can a yeast infection cause bleeding?

Mild yeast infections don't typically cause bleeding, but it can happen in some cases. Bleeding may happen due to irritation and scratching; the intense itching and discomfort associated with a yeast infection can lead to small tears in the vaginal and vulvar skin. When you scratch or rub the irritated area, it could result in minor bleeding (especially after having sex). 

Additionally, if the yeast infection causes significant inflammation, your skin may become more sensitive, increasing the likelihood of small amounts of blood. 

However, if you notice more than just a few spots of blood or if the bleeding seems unrelated to scratching or vaginal irritation, it’s important to consider that something else might be going on.

Other causes of vaginal bleeding

There are several potential causes of vaginal bleeding beyond yeast infections, and it’s important to be aware of them so you can better understand what’s happening with your body. Other health conditions that can cause bleeding include (but are not limited to):

• Ovulation: Some women experience light spotting when they ovulate, which typically occurs around the middle of their menstrual cycle. This is harmless and usually very light.
• Pregnancy spotting: It’s common for women to have some light spotting in the early stages of pregnancy. This is often due to implantation (when the fertilized egg attaches to the lining of the uterus). If you think you could be pregnant, it’s a good idea to take a test or check in with your healthcare provider.
• Hormonal changes: Changes in birth control, or even menopause can lead to unexpected, temporary spotting or bleeding.
• Urinary tract infection (UTI): Though UTIs mainly affect the bladder and urethra, they can sometimes cause blood in your urine, which may be mistaken for vaginal bleeding. UTIs can also cause pelvic pain and a frequent urge to pee.
• Sexually transmitted infections (STIs): Certain STIs, such as chlamydia or gonorrhea, can cause irritation and bleeding, especially after having sexual intercourse.
• Cervicitis: Cervicitis is the inflammation of the cervix. It can cause abnormal vaginal bleeding that occurs after sexual intercourse, or between periods. Other symptoms of cervicitis include abnormal vaginal discharge and pelvic pain.
• Cancer: Vaginal bleeding can be a symptom of vaginal, cervical, ovarian, or endometrial cancer. These cancers are incredibly rare, and it’s worth remembering that other, less serious causes are also responsible for vaginal bleeding. 

Whether you're experiencing unusual bleeding or not, it's worth seeing a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis because yeast infections can cause the same symptoms as many other conditions.

When should you see a healthcare provider?

It’s always a good idea to listen to your body. If you’re experiencing any of the following symptoms, it’s worth checking in with a healthcare provider:

• Unexplained bleeding: If the bleeding is more than light spotting or occurs outside of your normal cycle, you should get it checked out.
• Abnormal vaginal discharge: See your healthcare provider if you notice changes to the smell, color, consistency, or quantity of your discharge — especially if you notice a fishy smell, which could be a sign of bacterial vaginosis (BV) or a sexually transmitted infection called trichomoniasis.
• Persistent or recurrent yeast infections: If you’re getting yeast infections frequently, it could be a sign of an underlying issue, like diabetes or an immune system disorder. If your yeast infection treatment fails, your healthcare provider may also recommend trying a different antifungal medication.
• Severe pain or discomfort: While yeast infections can be uncomfortable, extreme pain isn’t typical and should be evaluated.
• Symptoms of a UTI or STI: If you feel a burning sensation when you pee, experience pelvic pain, or have abnormal vaginal discharge, make an appointment to get tested.

FAQ

What type of infection can cause bleeding?

Aside from a yeast infection, several other types of infections can cause vaginal or vulvar bleeding. Sexually transmitted infections, such as chlamydia and gonorrhea, can also result in bleeding (especially after intercourse). Additionally, pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), which is often a complication of untreated STIs, can result in severe pelvic pain and abnormal bleeding. A urinary tract infection can cause blood to appear in the urine, which may be mistaken for vaginal bleeding. If you're experiencing unexplained bleeding or other concerning symptoms, it's important to seek medical advice for a proper diagnosis and treatment.

What are severe yeast infection symptoms? 

Severe yeast infection symptoms can include redness, swelling, and cracks in or around the vagina. You may also develop pelvic pain. 

Does bacterial vaginosis cause bleeding?

Bacterial vaginosis doesn’t typically cause bleeding. Anecdotally, some people with bacterial vaginosis may experience bleeding after having sex, but it’s not common.